Oxford is now a place to enjoy beautiful architecture that remains from its history as a thriving mill town. Named after Oxford, England, the area had its first settlement in 1794 and was incorporated as a town in 1829.Īs part of the Bog Brook Plantation, town farmers produced mostly hay, and the place was known for mills and raising cattle. The town of Oxford is located in Oxford County, Maine, 52 miles southwest of the state capital, Augusta, and 37 miles north of Portland.